LET'S LEARN WORDS OF VOCABULARY

GROOVE

1. Background or Prior Knowledge:

1. Background:
2. "Groove" can function as both a noun and a verb. As a noun, it refers to a long, narrow cut or depression, especially one made to guide motion or receive a corresponding ridge. In a broader sense, it can also represent a comfortable routine or pattern.

2. Morphology, Syntax, Phonics, Knowledge of Word Relationships:

1. Morphology:
2. As a noun, "groove" doesn't have multiple morphemes. As a verb, its other forms include "grooved" (past tense) and "grooving" (present participle).
3. Syntax:
4. As a noun, "groove" is used in phrases like "a dance groove" or "a musical groove." As a verb, it can be used both transitively and intransitively.
5. Phonics:
6. Pronounced as "groov," with the emphasis on the single syllable.
7. Word Relationships:
8. Related terms include rut, track, channel, pattern, and rhythm.

3. Word with Urdu Meaning and Example Sentence:

1. Urdu Meaning:
2. (As a noun) چھلکا، نالی، (As a verb) چھلکا بنانا، راستہ بنانا
3. Example Sentence:
4. (As a noun) "The vinyl record had a deep groove, allowing the needle to follow the track smoothly."
5. (Translation: "وائنل ریکارڈ میں ایک گہرا چھلکا تھا، جو نیڈل کو راستے کو ہمواری سے پیش کرنے کا امکان دیتا تھا.")
6. (As a verb) "The carpenter grooved the wood to create a decorative pattern."
7. (Translation: "کارپینٹر نے لکڑی چھلکا بنایا تھا تاکہ خوبصورتی کا نمائندہ ہو.")

4. 15 Synonyms with Urdu Meanings:

1. Rut (راستہ)
2. Notch (نالی)
3. Furrow (خاکستر)
4. Channel (نالی)
5. Crevice (دراڑ)
6. Gash (زخم)
7. Incision (کاٹ)
8. Indentation (دبی)
9. Score (سکور)
10. Trench (خندق)
11. Gouge (خوراک)
12. Cranny (دراڑ)
13. Depression (خفا)
14. Cleft (شق)
15. Engraving (نقش کاری)

5. 15 Antonyms with Urdu Meanings:

1. Elevation (اضافہ)
2. Ridge (ریچ)
3. Peak (چوٹی)
4. Crest (پہاڑی)
5. Pinnacle (سر حد)
6. Bump (ٹکر)
7. Hill (پہاڑ)
8. Protuberance (بلندی)
9. Bulge (سے بھرا ہوا)
10. Eminence (بلند مقام)
11. Summit (پہاڑ کی چوٹی)
12. Projection (پروجیکٹ)
13. Extrusion (بہا نکالنا)
14. Uplift (اٹھانا)
15. Raise (اونچا کرنا)

GRUFF

1. Background or Prior Knowledge:

1. Background:
2. "Gruff" is an adjective used to describe a person's speech or manner that is rough, harsh, or abrupt. It often implies a lack of warmth or friendliness in communication.

2. Morphology, Syntax, Phonics, Knowledge of Word Relationships:

1. Morphology:
2. The word "gruff" is an adjective and doesn't have multiple morphemes.
3. Syntax:
4. In syntax, "gruff" is used to modify nouns, indicating a quality of roughness or harshness.
5. Phonics:
6. Pronounced as "gruhf," with the emphasis on the first syllable.
7. Word Relationships:
8. Related terms include rough, abrupt, curt, blunt, and brusque.

3. Word with Urdu Meaning and Example Sentence:

1. Urdu Meaning:
2. کڑا، خستہ
3. Example Sentence:
4. "اُس کا gruff تبادلہ خیال میں لوگوں کو خود سے دور کرتا ہے، لیکن اس کا دل سچائی اور محبت سے بھرا ہوتا ہے."
5. (Translation: "His gruff manner in conversation may distance people, but his heart is filled with truth and love.")

4. 15 Synonyms with Urdu Meanings:

1. Abrasive (خستہ)
2. Brusque (کڑا)
3. Blunt (کڑا)
4. Crusty (سخت)
5. Harsh (کڑا)
6. Stiff (سخت)
7. Taciturn (خاموش)
8. Curt (خستہ)
9. Grim (خستہ)
10. Austere (سنگین)
11. Stern (سخت)
12. Rugged (کڑا)
13. Unbending (سخت)
14. Severe (سخت)
15. Ungracious (بے ادب)

5. 15 Antonyms with Urdu Meanings:

1. Gentle (نرم)
2. Amiable (دوستانہ)
3. Polite (شائستہ)
4. Cordial (دوستانہ)
5. Warm (گرم)
6. Kind (مہربان)
7. Friendly (دوستانہ)
8. Affable (دوستانہ)
9. Mild (نرم)
10. Tender (نرم)
11. Soft (نرم)
12. Gracious (ادب سے)
13. Genial (دوستانہ)
14. Pleasant (خوشگوار)
15. Courteous (مہربان)

HOOLIGANS

1. Background or Prior Knowledge:

1. Background:
2. "Hooligans" is a noun that refers to a group of people, often young, who engage in rowdy, violent, or disruptive behavior, especially in public places. The term is commonly associated with unruly and aggressive conduct.

2. Morphology, Syntax, Phonics, Knowledge of Word Relationships:

1. Morphology:
2. The word "hooligans" is a noun and doesn't have multiple morphemes.
3. Syntax:
4. In syntax, "hooligans" is used as a noun to describe a group or individuals involved in disruptive activities.
5. Phonics:
6. Pronounced as "HOO-li-ganz," with the emphasis on the first syllable.
7. Word Relationships:
8. Related terms include troublemakers, delinquents, thugs, and vandals.

3. Word with Urdu Meaning and Example Sentence:

1. Urdu Meaning:
2. چھڑا گروہ، بدمعاش
3. Example Sentence:
4. "شہر کے بازار میں hooligans نے چھاکہ مار کر تباہی مچا دی، جس کی بنا پر پولیس نے ایک ایمرجنسی حالت آمادہ کر لی."
5. (Translation: "In the market of the city, hooligans created chaos by rioting, leading the police to declare a state of emergency.")

4. 15 Synonyms with Urdu Meanings:

1. Ruffians (بدمعاش)
2. Delinquents (چھوڑا گروہ)
3. Rowdies (شورشلو)
4. Thugs (دھبوں)
5. Vandals (تباہ کار)
6. Hoodlums (بدمعاش)
7. Brigands (چور)
8. Rogues (دغاباز)
9. Miscreants (مجرم)
10. Malcontents (ناراضگانہ)
11. Malefactors (مجرم)
12. Henchmen (چھوڑے گئے لوگ)
13. Outlaws (خارج قانون)
14. Agitators (شورش انگیز)
15. Insurgents (بغاوتی)

5. 15 Antonyms with Urdu Meanings:

1. Law-abiding (قانونی)
2. Peaceful (آرام)
3. Civilians (شہری)
4. Orderly (منظم)
5. Compliant (موافق)
6. Well-behaved (اچھے سلوک والا)
7. Disciplined (مرتب)
8. Decorous (مہذب)
9. Civilized (تمدنی)
10. Obedient (فرمانبردار)
11. Lawful (قانونی)
12. Regulated (منظم)
13. Conformist (مطابق)
14. Docile (مانوس)
15. Respectable (عزت دار)

HAIL

1. Background or Prior Knowledge:

1. Background:
2. "Hail" can function as both a noun and a verb. As a noun, it refers to pellets of frozen rain that fall in showers from cumulonimbus clouds. As a verb, it means to fall as hail or to greet or acclaim enthusiastically.

2. Morphology, Syntax, Phonics, Knowledge of Word Relationships:

1. Morphology:
2. As a noun, "hail" doesn't have multiple morphemes. As a verb, its other forms include "hailed" (past tense) and "hailing" (present participle).
3. Syntax:
4. As a noun, "hail" is used in phrases like "a hailstorm." As a verb, it can be used both transitively and intransitively.
5. Phonics:
6. Pronounced as "hayl," with the emphasis on the single syllable.
7. Word Relationships:
8. Related terms include precipitation, storm, acclaim, greet, and salutation.

3. Word with Urdu Meaning and Example Sentence:

1. Urdu Meaning:
2. (As a noun) برف کے چھوٹے ٹکڑے، (As a verb) مسیحی تہوار میں صلیب کا ہتھیار
3. Example Sentence:
4. (As a noun) "برف کی ہر چھاؤں میں مختلف شکلوں کے hail گر رہے تھے."
5. (Translation: "In every shadow of the snow, hail in various shapes was falling.")
6. (As a verb) "The audience hailed the performer with loud applause."
7. (Translation: "سامعین نے اداکار کو بلند خوشی سے سلام کیا.")

4. 15 Synonyms with Urdu Meanings:

1. Pellets (ٹکڑے)
2. Precipitation (بارش)
3. Icicles (برف کے چھوٹے ٹکڑے)
4. Sleet (برف بریزنے والی بارش)
5. Glaze (برف بریزنے والا)
6. Drizzle (میژول)
7. Cloudburst (باڑش)
8. Downpour (بہت تیز بارش)
9. Convergence (ملاپ)
10. Pelt (بارش ہونا)
11. Deluge (بہت بڑی بارش)
12. Torrential (تیز بارش کا)
13. Rime (برف)
14. Cascade (چھاؤں)
15. Shower (بارش)

5. 15 Antonyms with Urdu Meanings:

1. Drought (خشکی)
2. Clear (صاف)
3. Sunshine (دھوپ)
4. Dryness (خشکی)
5. Fair (صاف)
6. Calm (سکون)
7. Clearance (خلوص)
8. Fine (خوبصورت)
9. Sunny (دھوپ کا)
10. Serene (پر سکون)
11. Moderate (معتدل)
12. Balmy (خوبصورت موسم)
13. Dry Spell (خشکی کا وقفہ)
14. Placid (آرام)
15. Gleam (چمک)

IMPEDE

1. Background or Prior Knowledge:

1. Background:
2. "Impede" is a verb that means to delay, obstruct, or hinder the progress or movement of something. It signifies an action that creates a barrier or obstacle.

2. Morphology, Syntax, Phonics, Knowledge of Word Relationships:

1. Morphology:
2. The word "impede" is a verb and doesn't have multiple morphemes.
3. Syntax:
4. In syntax, "impede" is used to describe actions that slow down or hinder a process.
5. Phonics:
6. Pronounced as "im-PEED," with the emphasis on the second syllable.
7. Word Relationships:
8. Related terms include obstruct, hinder, block, delay, and hamper.

3. Word with Urdu Meaning and Example Sentence:

1. Urdu Meaning:
2. رکاوٹ ڈالنا، رخنہ ڈالنا، رکاوٹ ڈالنا
3. Example Sentence:
4. "برفباری نے ٹریفک کو رکاوٹ ڈال دیا اور لوگوں کی حرکت کو impede کر دیا."
5. (Translation: "The snowfall created a traffic jam and impeded the movement of people.")
6. "Bureaucratic processes sometimes impede the timely completion of projects."
7. (Translation: "بیوروکریٹک پروسیسز کبھی کبھی منصوبوں کو وقت پر مکمل ہونے میں رکاوٹ ڈالتی ہیں.")

4. 15 Synonyms with Urdu Meanings:

1. Hinder (رکاوٹ ڈالنا)
2. Obstruct (رخنہ ڈالنا)
3. Thwart (رکاوٹ ڈالنا)
4. Inhibit (روکنا)
5. Retard (آرام کرنا)
6. Stymie (رکاوٹ ڈالنا)
7. Curb (قابو میں رکھنا)
8. Deter (روکنا)
9. Constrain (محدود کرنا)
10. Interrupt (مزیدہ میں رکنا)
11. Hamper (مزیدہ میں رکنا)
12. Restrain (رکاوٹ ڈالنا)
13. Delay (تاخیر ہونا)
14. Encumber (رکاوٹ ڈالنا)
15. Resist (مزیدہ میں رکنا)
16. 5. 15 Antonyms with Urdu Meanings:
17. Facilitate (آسان بنانا)
18. Promote (برتری دینا)
19. Accelerate (تیز ہونا)
20. Aid (مدد کرنا)
21. Assist (مدد کرنا)
22. Support (حمایت کرنا)
23. Help (مدد کرنا)
24. Encourage (حوصلہ دینا)
25. Foster (پرواہ کرنا)
26. Spur (حوصلہ بڑھانا)
27. Boost (اضافہ ہونا)
28. Expedite (فوراً کرنا)
29. Facilitate (آسان بنانا)
30. Free (آزاد)
31. Smooth (ہموار)

IMPROVISE

1. Background or Prior Knowledge:

1. Background:
2. "Improvise" is a verb that means to create or perform spontaneously without preparation, often in response to unexpected situations. It involves using available resources or skills to address a challenge or create something on the spot.

2. Morphology, Syntax, Phonics, Knowledge of Word Relationships:

1. Morphology:
2. The word "improvise" is a verb and doesn't have multiple morphemes.
3. Syntax:
4. In syntax, "improvise" is used to describe the act of creating or performing spontaneously.
5. Phonics:
6. Pronounced as "IM-pruh-vyz," with the emphasis on the second syllable.
7. Word Relationships:
8. Related terms include spontaneous, extemporize, ad-lib, and invent.

3. Word with Urdu Meaning and Example Sentence:

1. Urdu Meaning:
2. بے تیاری سے کچھ پیدا کرنا، فوراً مصروف ہو جانا
3. Example Sentence:
4. "اُس نے بے تیاری سے ایک خوبصورت مصرعہ improvise کر لیا جو لوگوں کو حیران کر دیا."
5. (Translation: "He spontaneously improvised a beautiful verse that amazed the people.")
6. "During the performance, the musician had to improvise when a technical issue occurred."
7. (Translation: "پرفارمنس کے دوران، موسیقار کو ایک ٹیکنیکل مسئلہ کا سامنا ہوا، اور اس نے بے تیاری سے improvise کرنا پڑا.")

4. 15 Synonyms with Urdu Meanings:

1. Extemporize (بے تیاری سے کچھ پیدا کرنا)
2. Ad-lib (بے تیاری سے کچھ پیدا کرنا)
3. Spontaneous (فوراً)
4. Create on the Spot (جگہ جگہ پیدا کرنا)
5. Invent (ایجاد کرنا)
6. Generate Impromptu (بے تیاری سے بنانا)
7. Make up on the Fly (پرواہ کیے بغیر بنانا)
8. Whip up (فوراً بنانا)
9. Fashion (تخلیق کرنا)
10. Concoct (بنانا)
11. Devise (تخلیق کرنا)
12. Originate (شروع ہونا)
13. Spur-of-the-Moment (لمحے میں)
14. Cobble Together (بے تیاری سے ملانا)
15. Extemporaneous (بے تیاری سے)

5. 15 Antonyms with Urdu Meanings:

1. Plan (منصوبہ بنانا)
2. Prepare (تیاری کرنا)
3. Rehearse (ریہرسل کرنا)
4. Organize (ترتیب دینا)
5. Arrange (ترتیب دینا)
6. Systematize (نظم بنانا)
7. Outline (خاکہ بنانا)
8. Structure (ساخت)
9. Systematize (نظم بنانا)
10. Follow a Script (اسکرپٹ کا پیروی کرنا)
11. Conform to a Plan (منصوبہ کا پیروی کرنا)
12. Anticipate (پیش گوئی کرنا)
13. Prearrange (پہلے ہی ترتیب کرنا)
14. Predetermine (پہلے سے مقرر کرنا)
15. Anticipate (پیش گوئی کرنا)

JUXTAPOSITION

1. Background or Prior Knowledge:

1. Background:
2. "Juxtaposition" is a noun that refers to the act or placement of two things (usually abstract concepts, images, or ideas) near each other. The purpose is often to highlight the contrast between them or to create a specific effect.

2. Morphology, Syntax, Phonics, Knowledge of Word Relationships:

1. Morphology:
2. The word "juxtaposition" is a noun and doesn't have multiple morphemes.
3. Syntax:
4. In syntax, "juxtaposition" is used to describe the act of placing things side by side for comparison or contrast.
5. Phonics:
6. Pronounced as "juhk-stuh-puh-ZISH-uhn," with the emphasis on the second syllable.
7. Word Relationships:
8. Related terms include contrast, comparison, placement, and arrangement.

3. Word with Urdu Meaning and Example Sentence:

1. Urdu Meaning:
2. ساتھی یا قریبی چیزوں کو آپس میں رکھنا
3. Example Sentence:
4. "اُس ناول میں مصرعے اور عکسوں کی juxtaposition نے قصہ کو مزید دلچسپ بنایا."
5. (Translation: "The juxtaposition of verses and images in that novel added more interest to the story.")
6. "In the art gallery, the juxtaposition of classical and modern paintings created a captivating experience for visitors."
7. (Translation: "آرٹ گیلری میں قدیم اور جدید تصاویر کی juxtaposition نے دورہ کن تجربہ پیدا کیا.")

4. 15 Synonyms with Urdu Meanings:

1. Conjunction (اتحاد)
2. Coexistence (ہموارسازی)
3. Concurrence (ہم آہنگی)
4. Intersection (تقاطع)
5. Collation (موازنہ)
6. Connection (تعلق)
7. Confluence (ملن)
8. Comparison (موازنہ)
9. Proximity (قربانی)
10. Adjacency (قربانی)
11. Contact (رابطہ)
12. Alignment (صف بندی)
13. Simultaneity (ہم وقتی)
14. Closeness (قربانی)
15. Concordance (اتفاق)

5. 15 Antonyms with Urdu Meanings:

1. Isolation (الگی)
2. Segregation (الگی)
3. Disconnection (علیحدگی)
4. Disjunction (تفریق)
5. Detachment (علیحدگی)
6. Separation (تفریق)
7. Disassociation (علیحدگی)
8. Disunity (انسجام)
9. Disengagement (علیحدگی)
10. Disparity (فراق)
11. Unrelatedness (غیر متعلقہ ہونا)
12. Disorder (بے ترتیبی)
13. Disalignment (غیر متعلقہ ہونا)
14. Difference (اختلاف)
15. Unlikeness (غیر مشابہت)

LABORIOUSLY

1. Background or Prior Knowledge:

1. Background:
2. "Laboriously" is an adverb that describes an action performed with a lot of effort, diligence, and hard work. It implies that the task requires considerable labor or exertion.

2. Morphology, Syntax, Phonics, Knowledge of Word Relationships:

1. Morphology:
2. The word "laboriously" is an adverb and doesn't have multiple morphemes.
3. Syntax:
4. In syntax, "laboriously" is used to modify verbs, indicating the manner in which an action is carried out.
5. Phonics:
6. Pronounced as "luh-BOR-ee-us-lee," with the emphasis on the second syllable.
7. Word Relationships:
8. Related terms include diligently, industriously, assiduously, and with great effort.

3. Word with Urdu Meaning and Example Sentence:

1. Urdu Meaning:
2. محنت کے ساتھ، محنت سے
3. Example Sentence:
4. "وہ تعمیرات کو laboriously کام کرتا رہا تھا تاکہ وہ مکمل اور مضبوط ہو."
5. (Translation: "He worked laboriously on the constructions to make them complete and sturdy.")
6. "The students laboriously prepared for the exams, studying late into the night."
7. (Translation: "طلباء نے امتحانات کے لئے محنت سے تیاری کی، راتوں تک پڑھائی کی.")

4. 15 Synonyms with Urdu Meanings:

1. Assiduously (محنت سے)
2. Industriously (کسانی سے)
3. Diligently (محنت سے)
4. Vigorously (توانا مزاجی سے)
5. Persistently (مستمر طور پر)
6. Strenuously (جدوجہد سے)
7. Conscientiously (آگاہی سے)
8. Tirelessly (بے تھکے)
9. Resolutely (عزمی سے)
10. Tenaciously (ضرورت سے)
11. Sedulously (محنت سے)
12. Laboriously (محنت سے)
13. Exhaustively (مکمل طور پر)
14. Painstakingly (محنت سے)
15. Thoroughly (مکمل طور پر)

5. 15 Antonyms with Urdu Meanings:

1. Easily (آسانی سے)
2. Effortlessly (آسانی سے)
3. Casually (لاپرواہی سے)
4. Nonchalantly (لاپرواہی سے)
5. Lightly (ہلکے دل سے)
6. Unhurriedly (بے جلد بازی سے)
7. Lazily (سستی سے)
8. Leisurely (آرام سے)
9. Comfortably (آرام سے)
10. Relaxedly (آرام سے)
11. Unconcernedly (لاپرواہی سے)
12. Unstrained (بے زور)
13. Calmly (پر سکون)
14. Softly (نرمی سے)
15. Tranquilly (پر سکونی)

INOCULATE

1. Background or Prior Knowledge:

1. Background:
2. "Inoculate" is a verb that refers to the act of introducing a vaccine or a disease agent into the body to stimulate the immune system and create immunity against a specific disease.

2. Morphology, Syntax, Phonics, Knowledge of Word Relationships:

1. Morphology:
2. The word "inoculate" is a verb and doesn't have multiple morphemes.
3. Syntax:
4. In syntax, "inoculate" is used with an object (e.g., someone inoculates someone against a disease).
5. Phonics:
6. Pronounced as "ih-NOK-yuh-layt," with the emphasis on the second syllable.
7. Word Relationships:
8. Related terms include vaccination, immunization, immunize, and protect.

3. Word with Urdu Meaning and Example Sentence:

1. Urdu Meaning:
2. دعوت دینا، حفاظتی طور پر بچانا
3. Example Sentence:
4. "Doctor ne bachon ko polio se bachane ke liye vaccine se inoculate kiya."
5. (Translation: "The doctor inoculated the children with a vaccine to protect them from polio.")
6. "During the flu season, it is essential to inoculate oneself to reduce the risk of getting sick."
7. (Translation: "سردیوں میں زکام کی موسم میں، یہ ضروری ہے کہ اپنے آپ کو حفاظتی طور پر inoculate کیا جائے.")

4. 15 Synonyms with Urdu Meanings:

1. Vaccinate (ویکسین لگانا)
2. Immunize (حفاظتی کرنا)
3. Protect (حفاظت کرنا)
4. Safeguard (حفاظت کرنا)
5. Arm (تیار کرنا)
6. Guard (محافل کرنا)
7. Shield (چھپاؤ)
8. Defend (حفاظت کرنا)
9. Inoculation (دعوت)
10. Prevent (روکنا)
11. Preserve (حفاظت کرنا)
12. Fortify (مضبوط کرنا)
13. Strengthen (مضبوط کرنا)
14. Secure (محفوظ کرنا)
15. Guardian (حافظ)
16. 5. 15 Antonyms with Urdu Meanings:
17. Expose (ظاہر کرنا)
18. Endanger (خطرہ ڈالنا)
19. Vulnerate (مستعد کرنا)
20. Surrender (ہتھیار ڈال دینا)
21. Risk (خطرہ)
22. Threaten (دھمکی دینا)
23. Endanger (خطرہ ڈالنا)
24. Compromise (مواقعہ کرنا)
25. Neglect (غفلت کرنا)
26. Abandon (ترک کرنا)
27. Expose (ظاہر کرنا)
28. Weaken (کمزور کرنا)
29. Neglect (غفلت کرنا)
30. Imperil (خطرے میں ڈالنا)
31. Suspend (تعطیل کرنا)

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